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What should we pay attention to improve power generation?
Components, inverters, operation and maintenance.
01.Conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules
PV module is the most important factor that affects power generation. The higher the conversion rate of PV module, the better the power generation effect. The mainstream material of the module is silicon, and the classical theoretical limit of silicon material conversion is 29% . The record in the lab is 25% . Since the beginning of this century, our photovoltaics industry has entered a period of rapid development. The efficiency of solar cells is constantly improving. With the help of nanotechnology, the conversion rate of silicon materials can reach 35% in the future, this will be a“Revolutionary breakthrough” in solar power technology.
02.Safe and efficient inverter
The wider the voltage range of inverter, the higher the power output. The number of inverters should be as small as possible. The greater the power of inverters, the higher the efficiency. The cooling duct of inverters is the down wind, the up wind, and the down wind. The inverters should be installed vertically. It is strictly forbidden to install horizontally or upside down. The inverter panel to north, less sun.
Outdoor installation, the inverter should be installed above the rain-proof sun cover, avoid direct sunlight and rain immersion. The inverter is not directly exposed to the sun or other heat sources. The inverter must be placed in a space with air circulation. The inverter is divided into forced air cooling and natural cooling. The inverter itself is a heat source, and all the heat must be released in time, can not be placed in an enclosed space, otherwise the temperature will rise higher and higher.
03.Standardization of system configuration
Some photovoltaic plant system configuration is piecemeal, may use the components are not bad, but piecemeal effect is greatly reduced. A perfect standardized system must go through countless matching tests, data comparison, system debugging, installation demonstration, and finally achieve a perfect and stable power generation, to form a perfect system, such a system is called a standardized system.
04.Reduce wear and tear
Line loss, DC PV lines as short as possible, the inverter and the distance between the meter to be short. System DC, AC circuit loss to be controlled within 5% . To this end, the design to use a good conductive wire, the wire needs to have sufficient diameter. No cutting corners in construction is allowed. During system maintenance, pay special attention to whether the connector and terminal are firm or not.
05.Daily operations
Get into the habit of checking the amount of electricity generated at regular intervals. Then, the PV module is the core part of the PV power plant, which determines the amount of electricity generated by the PV power plant, it mainly includes the cleaning frequency of the module, replacement and maintenance of the module in trouble, treatment of weeds between arrays to prevent weeds from falling on the surface of the module, etc. . Real-time monitoring, regular maintenance, like their beloved car. Correct maintenance and maintenance can not only ensure the power plant's power generation, but also to ensure adequate service life.
1. The surface of the PV module should be kept clean. Dry or wet soft and clean cloth should be used to wipe the PV module. The PV module should be cleaned when the irradiance is lower than 200W/M². It is not suitable to use liquid cleaning module with large temperature difference.
2. The live warning sign on the PV module shall not be lost.
3.Photovoltaic modules should be regularly inspected, if the following problems should be immediately adjusted or replaced photovoltaic modules.
---The photovoltaic module has glass shattering, scorched back plate, obvious color change;
---There is a bubble in the photovoltaic module to form a communication channel with the edge of the module or any circuit;
---The Junction Box of PV module is deformed, twisted, cracked or burned, and the terminal can not be in good contact.
4. For metal-framed PV modules, the frame and bracket should be well integrated, the contact resistance between the two should not be more than 4Ω, and the frame must be firmly grounded.
5. Using DC clamp ammeter to measure the input current of PV modules connected to the same DC bus box under the condition of the same solar radiation intensity, the deviation should not exceed 5%。
Component and bracket maintenance
Maintenance of inverter
1. The structure and electrical connection of the inverter should be kept intact, there should be no corrosion, ash and other phenomena, the heat dissipation environment should be good, the inverter operation should not have large vibration and abnormal noise.
2. The warning mark on the inverter should be intact.
3. The cooling fan of the module, reactor and Transformer in the inverter should start and stop automatically according to the temperature. The cooling fan should not have large vibration and abnormal noise when running, power off should be checked if anything is abnormal.
4. Disconnect the AC output side (network side) circuit breaker regularly once, and the inverter should stop feeding power to the network immediately.
5. the DC bus capacitor in the inverter temperature is too high or exceed the service life, should be replaced in a timely manner.
Maintenance of Junction box
1. No deformation, rust, water leakage and ash deposit shall be allowed in the DC bus box. The safety warning signs on the outside of the box should be intact and the waterproof lock on the box should be flexible.
2. DC bus box in the various terminals should not be loose, corrosion phenomenon.
3. The specification of the high voltage DC fuse in the DC bus box shall conform to the design specification.
4. The positive-to-earth and negative-to-earth insulation resistance of the DC output busbar shall be greater than 2 Megohm.
5. DC output bus terminal equipped with DC circuit breaker, its breaking function should be flexible and reliable.
6. Lightning arrester in DC bus box should be effective.
Maintenance during extreme weather
1. If there is a rainy trip, it may be that the wiring is not tight, if such a situation occurs, it must be treated after the weather clears. You can use insulating tape to wrap the wiring, and then observe whether the trip, such as continued tripping phenomenon, report to Maintenance Center or local power station.
2. thunderstorm days, should be below the meter air switch off, to prevent damage to electrical equipment. After the thunderstorm, close the switch again. Warm Tip: do not underestimate the cleaning and maintenance of domestic photovoltaic power plants, cleaning after the power plant can increase 5% -30% , cleaning frequency 10 times a year or once a month can be.
Clean-up of pollutants
General PV module life in 25 years or so, regularly clean the module panels of bird droppings, leaves and other shelter, to ensure that the panel to maximize the exposure to sunlight. If you usually love clean, higher requirements for power generation, you can also clean the components, but need to pay attention to the following points.
1. Choose to clean your components in the morning or late afternoon. When cleaning, do not stand less than 1 meter from the edge of the roof.
2. Before cleaning the components, inspect the monitoring records for any abnormal output of electricity, analyze whether leakage may be caused, and check the connection wires of the components and the related components for breakage and adhesion, test the aluminum frame, bracket and toughened glass surface of the component with a test pencil before cleaning. In order to eliminate the potential leakage of electricity to ensure personal safety.
3. Personnel cleaning the components shall wear appropriate work clothes and hats to avoid scratches and injuries. Hooks and straps should not be allowed on clothes or tools. Thread head and other easily lead to tripping parts.
4. It is strictly forbidden to clean PV modules under the weather conditions of strong wind, heavy rain, thunderstorm or heavy snow. Avoid rinsing during winter cleaning, and do not use cold water when panels are hot.
5. It is forbidden to use hard and sharp tools or corrosive and alkaline organic solvents to clean PV modules. It is forbidden to spray clean water to the equipment such as junction box, cable bridge, bus box, etc. .
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